Country dossier · POL

Poland

Name: Poland space programme — ALL IN SPACE country dossier
Creator: ALL IN SPACE
License: https://allinspace.xyz/sources

Emerging space nation

A sourced snapshot of Poland's posture in space — capability, institutions, orbital assets, law and people. Every figure carries its primary source; gaps are shown honestly, never filled with invented data.

Open Poland in the interactive workspace →

Capability tier

Emerging space nation

Launches to orbit from its own territory: noLaunch sites on record: 0Nationals who have flown: 2

Source: ALL IN SPACE capability ladder · see methodology

Space agency

POLSA (Polish Space Agency)

National space agency · established 2014 · two-source verified

Source: POLSA

Satellites (owner state)

Counted from the GCAT May 2026 snapshot. The interactive workspace shows a live CelesTrak figure, which uses different owner-attribution rules and will differ.

Source: GCAT · General Catalog of Artificial Space Objects (J. McDowell) · May 2026 snapshot

Ground stations

Source: ALL IN SPACE curated ground-station dataset (operator-sourced)

Space budget

$16M

Emerging spender · 2024

Source: OECD · GBARD by socio-economic objective

National strategy

Polska Strategia Kosmiczna (Polish Space Strategy) (2017)

Strategy adopted by Council of Ministers targeting a 3% Polish share of the European space market by 2030, implemented through the National Space Programme

Source: Published national space strategies and policies

International space law

Instrument	Status
Outer Space Treaty 1967	Ratified
Rescue Agreement 1968	Ratified
Liability Convention 1972	Ratified
Registration Convention 1975	Ratified
Moon Agreement 1979	Not a party
Artemis Accords 2020	Signatory (2021-10-26)

Source: Status of international agreements relating to activities in outer space (1 January 2026)

Launch sites

No orbital launch infrastructure; SpaceForest conducts suborbital Perun sounding rocket flights from a coastal range.

Source: National launch site roster · ALL IN SPACE compilation

Astronauts

Miroslaw HermaszewskiSoviet space program (Intercosmos) · first flight 1978 · First Pole in space
Slawosz Uznanski-WisniewskiESA / POLSA / Axiom · first flight 2025 · Second Pole in space; ESA project astronaut

Source: Astronaut biographies

Milestones

1978First national in space
2014POLSA (Polish Space Agency) established

Notable missions and contributions

ESA member since 2012 — POLSA (2014)
Miroslaw Hermaszewski — cosmonaut (Soyuz-30, 1978)
Creotech — Polish satellite bus manufacturer (EagleEye)
SatRevolution — Stork microsatellite constellation
PW-Sat/PW-Sat2 CubeSats (Warsaw Univ. Tech)
CBK PAN instruments on JUICE, Solar Orbiter
Ignis / Axiom Mission 4 (Ax-4) — ESA project astronaut Slawosz Uznanski-Wisniewski, Poland's first government-sponsored human spaceflight to the ISS (launched 25 June 2025 on a SpaceX Falcon 9 / Crew Dragon, returned 15 July 2025 after 18 days aboard the Station / 20 days in space, running 13 Polish-led plus ESA experiments)